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| Trade and Development Report 2004 |
作者： 发布时间：2007-11-26 15:22:11 来源： 点击数：22
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Global economic recovery is underway. But will it be sustained, and will it benefit all countries? There are considerable
downside risks stemming from oil prices and exchange rates. Moreover, both the sources and incidence of growth are unequally
distributed around the globe.
Rising United States deficits and rapidly expanding demand in East and South Asia have been the main stimulus for the world
economy. What are the implications of this pattern for current trends and future prospects in the world economy?
Greater openness to international trade and finance has not enabled developing countries to establish a virtuous interaction
between external financing, domestic investment and export growth. The TDR 2004 argues that, to achieve this, a feasible
development agenda has to be based on the concept of "coherence". Here, a fundamental question is how to address the problems
of trade imbalances originating in the monetary and financial system.
The advantages of a currency devaluation for one country have to be balanced against the disadvantages for others. UNCTAD
warns that attempts by many countries to keep their currencies undervalued could end up in a race to the bottom - or in
competitive devaluations - that could be as disastrous for the world economy as the experience of the 1930s. Since changes in
the exchange rate that imply deviation from purchasing-power parity affect international trade in a way comparable to tariffs
and export subsidies or duties, such changes should also be governed by multilateral regulations, UNCTAD suggests.
Table of contents
Foreword
Overview
Part One
Global Trends and Prospects
Chapter I
The World Economy: Performance and Prospects
A. Introduction
B. Developed economies
C. Developing and transition econoomies
Chapter II
International Trade and Finance
A. International trade
B. Capital flows and finance
Part Two
Policy Coherence, Development Strategies and Integration into the World Economy
Introduction
Chapter III
Openness, Integration and National Policy Space
A. Introduction
B. Unbalanced integration in the 1920s
C. Recasting multilateralism: development challenges and the origins of UNCTAD
D. Interdependence after Bretton Woods
E. Interdependence, international collective action and policy space
Chapter IV
Fostering Coherence between the International Trading, Monetary and Financial Systems
A. Building the international compeitiveness of developing-country exporters
B. Impacts of monetary and financial factors on developing countries´ export performance
C. Policy adjustment with open capital accounts
Annexes to chapter IV
Annex 1. The Concept of Competitiveness
Annex 2. The Set-up of Econometric Estimates of the
Impact of Exchange Rate Changes on Trade Performance
Downloads:
Chapter IV and Annexes
Conclusions and Policy Challenges
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原 作 者:
文章来源: http://www.unctad.org/ |
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